Interacting directly with the Ethereum blockchain requires running a full Ethereum node locally. This can be a complex process involving downloading and synchronizing the entire Ethereum blockchain, and requires intensive resources including memory and network bandwidth. This is where the utility of Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) come into Web3 development.
An RPC allows a computer to call a procedure on another network, while abstracting away the specific details of how the procedure works or is processed. This concept far predates blockchain and goes back to the 1970s. In the context of Ethereum, RPC calls allow developers to interact with the blockchain and with smart contracts without having to personally handle all the complexities of deploying an Eth node. This provides an enormous utility and allowed Web3 applications to maintain a light footprint without the overhead of running a local node, while having all the power and capability to interact with the network. There are a variety of RPC providers, but Infura is a popular one with a generous free tier to allow for developers to practice working with decentralized applications. By abstracting away the complexities of working with the blockchain directly, RPC providers like Infura allow developers to focus on the business logic of their contracts and applications, making these providers a critical part of the entire Web3 ecosystem.
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